Алвильда (Alvilda) - женщина-пират, разбойничавшая в водах Скандинавии в период раннего средневековья. Другой вариант написания ее имени – Альфхильд (Alfhild). Ее имя нередко встречается в популярных книгах по истории пиратства. Согласно преданию, эта средневековая принцесса, дочь готского короля (или короля с острова Готланд), решила стать «морской амазонкой», чтобы уклониться от навязываемого ей брака с Альфом, сыном могущественного датского короля. Отправившись в пиратский вояж с командой из молодых женщин, переодетых в мужское платье, она превратилась в «звезду» номер один среди морских разбойников. Поскольку лихие налеты Алвильды представляли серьезную угрозу торговому мореплаванию и жителям прибрежных районов Дании, принц Альф сам пустился за нею в погоню, не догадываясь о том, что объектом его преследования была вожделенная Алвильда. Убив большую часть морских разбойников, он вступил в поединок с их предводителем и принудил его сдаться. Как же удивился принц датский, когда пиратский вожак снял с головы шлем и предстал перед ним в облике юной красавицы, на которой он мечтал жениться! Алвильда оценила настойчивость наследника датской короны и его умение размахивать мечом. Свадьбу сыграли тут же, на борту пиратского судна. Принц поклялся принцессе любить ее до гроба, а она торжественно пообещала ему никогда больше не выходить в море без него. Правдива ли рассказанная история? Исследователи обнаружили, что впервые легенду об Алвильде поведал читателям монах Саксон Грамматик (1140-ок.1208) в своем известном сочинении «Деяния данов». Он почерпнул ее либо из древних скандинавских саг, либо из мифов об амазонках. Ниже приводится рассказ об Алвильде, взятый из английского перевода сочинения Саксона Грамматика. История Альфа и Альфхильд (из сочинения Саксона Грамматика «Деяния данов»)читать дальше. After this Siwald was succeeded by his son SIGAR, who had sons Siwald, Alf, and Alger, and a daughter Signe. All excelled the rest in spirit and beauty, and devoted himself to the business of a rover. Such a grace was shed on his hair, which had a wonderful dazzling glow, that his locks seemed to shine silvery. At the same time Siward, the king of the Goths, is said to have had two sons, Wemund and Osten, and a daughter Alfhild, who showed almost from her cradle such faithfulness to modesty that she continually kept her face muffled in her robe, lest she should cause her beauty to provoke the passion of another. Her father banished her into very close keeping, and gave her a viper and a snake to rear, wishing to defend her chastity by the protection of these reptiles when they came to grow up. For it would have been hard to pry into her chamber when it was barred by so dangerous a bolt. He also enacted that if any man tried to enter it, and failed, he must straightway yield his head to be taken off and impaled on a stake. The terror which was thus attached to wantonness chastened the heated spirits of the young men. Alf, the son of Sigar, thinking that peril of the attempt only made it nobler, declared himself a wooer, and went to subdue the beasts that kept watch beside the room of the maiden; inasmuch as, according to the decree, the embraces of the maiden were the prize of their subduer. Alf covered his body with a blood-stained hide in order to make them more frantic against him. Girt with this, as soon as he had entered the doors of the enclosure, he took a piece of red-hot steel in the tongs, and plunged it into the yawning throat of the viper, which he laid dead. Then he flung his spear full into the gaping mouth of the snake as it wound and writhed forward, and destroyed it. And when he demanded the gage which was attached to victory by the terms of the covenant, Siward answered that he would accept that man only for his daughter's husband of whom she made a free and decided choice. None but the girl's mother was stiff against the wooer's suit; and she privately spoke to her daughter in order to search her mind. The daughter warmly praised her suitor for his valour; whereon the mother upbraided her sharply, that her chastity should be unstrung, and she be captivated by charming looks; and because, forgetting to judge his virtue, she cast the gaze of a wanton mind upon the flattering lures of beauty. Thus Alfhild was led to despise the young Dane; whereupon she exchanged woman's for man's attire, and, no longer the most modest of maidens, began the life of a warlike rover. Enrolling in her service many maidens who were of the same mind, she happened to come to a spot where a band of rovers were lamenting the death of their captain, who had been lost in war; they made her their rover captain for her beauty, and she did deeds beyond the valour of woman. Alf made many toilsome voyages in pursuit of her, and in winter happened to come on a fleet of the Blacmen. The waters were at this time frozen hard, and the ships were caught in such a mass of ice that they could not get on by the most violent rowing. But the continued frost promised the prisoners a safer way of advance; and Alf ordered his men to try the frozen surface of the sea in their brogues, after they had taken off their slippery shoes, so that they could run over the level ice more steadily. The Blacmen supposed that they were taking to flight with all the nimbleness of their heels, and began to fight them, but their steps tottered exceedingly and they gave back, the slippery surface under their soles making their footing uncertain. But the Danes crossed the frozen sea with safer steps, and foiled the feeble advance of the enemy, whom they conquered, and then turned and sailed to Finland. Here they chanced to enter a rather narrow gulf, and, on sending a few men to reconnoitre, they learnt that the harbour was being held by a few ships. For Alfhild had gone before them with her fleet into the same narrows. And when she saw the strange ships afar off, she rowed in swift haste forward to encounter them, thinking it better to attack the foe than to await them. Alf's men were against attacking so many ships with so few; but he replied that it would be shameful if anyone should report to Alfhild that his desire to advance could be checked by a few ships in the path; for he said that their record of honours ought not to be tarnished by such a trifle. The Danes wondered whence their enemies got such grace of bodily beauty and such supple limbs. So, when they began the sea-fight, the young man Alf leapt on Alfhild's prow, and advanced towards the stern, slaughtering all that withstood him. His comrade Borgar struck off Alfhild's helmet, and, seeing the smoothness of her chin, saw that he must fight with kisses and not with arms; that the cruel spears must be put away, and the enemy handled with gentler dealings. So Alf rejoiced that the woman whom he had sought over land and sea in the face of so many dangers was now beyond all expectation in his power; whereupon he took hold of her eagerly, and made her change her man's apparel for a woman's; and afterwards begot on her a daughter, Gurid. Also Borgar wedded the attendant of Alfhild, Groa, and had by her a son, Harald, to whom the following age gave the surname Hyldeland. .................................... Source: Saxo Grammaticus. The Danish History, Books I-IX // www.gutenberg.org